p.2 抽出テキスト

Document Reviewers: Christina Christersson, (CPG Review Coordinator) (Sweden), Massimo F. Piepoli, (CPG Review Coordinator) (Italy), Ana Abreu (Portugal), Suleman Aktaa (United Kingdom), Folkert W. Asselbergs (Netherlands), Michael A. Borger (Germany), Giuseppe Boriani (Italy), Margarita Brida (Croatia), Robert A. Byrne (Ireland), Claudio Ceconi (Italy), Christina Chrysohoou (Greece), Kevin Damman (Netherlands), Jean-Claude Deharo (France), Victoria Delgado (Spain), Fernando Dominguez (Spain), Gloria Färber (Germany), Daniel Fernandez-Berges (Spain), Marc Ferrini (France), Estelle Gandjbakhch (France), Luna Gargani (Italy), Bettina Heidecker (Germany), Borja Ibanez (Spain), Massimo Imazio (Italy), Stefan James (Sweden), Ulf Landmesser (Germany), Gregory Y. H. Lip (United Kingdom), Lars H. Lund (Sweden), Sharon MacDonald (United Kingdom), John William McEvoy (Ireland), Lorenzo Menicanti (Italy), Borislava Mihaylova (United Kingdom), Inge Moelgaard (Denmark), Christian E. Mueller (Switzerland), Lis Neubeck (United Kingdom), Daniela Pini (Italy), Evgenij V. Potapov1 (Germany), Anne-Catherine Pouleur (Belgium), Eva Prescott (Denmark), Amina Rakisheva (Kazakhstan), Bianca Rocca (Italy), Xavier Rossello (Spain), Anna Sannino (Germany), Hatem Soliman Aboumarie (United Kingdom), Felix C. Tanner (Switzerland), Izabella Uchmanowicz (Poland), Mattias Van Heetvelde (Belgium), Matthias Wilhelm (Switzerland), Stefanos Zafeiropoulos (Switzerland), Katja Zeppenfeld (Netherlands), and Daniel Zimpfer1 (Austria) 1 Representing the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)

All experts involved in the development of these guidelines have submitted declarations of interest which are reported in a supplementary document to the guidelines. See the European Heart Journal online or https://www.escardio.org/ Guidelines for supplementary documents as well as evidence tables.

Disclaimer: The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines represent the views of the ESC and were produced after careful consideration of the scientific and medical knowledge and the evidence available at the time of their development. The ESC is not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy, and/or ambiguity between the ESC Guidelines and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular in relation to good use of healthcare or therapeutic strategies. Health professionals are encouraged to take the ESC Guidelines fully into account when exercising their clinical judgement, as well as in the determination and the implementation of preventive, diagnostic, or therapeutic medical strategies; however, the ESC Guidelines do not override, in any way whatsoever, the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and accurate decisions in consideration of each patient’s health condition and in consultation with that patient and, where appropriate and/or necessary, the patient’s caregiver. Nor do the ESC Guidelines exempt health professionals from taking into full and careful consideration the relevant official updated recommendations or guidelines issued by the competent public health authorities, in order to manage each patient’s case in light of the scientifically accepted data pursuant to their respective ethical and professional obligations. It is also the health professional’s responsibility to verify the applicable rules and regulations relating to drugs and medical devices prior to making any clinical decision and to check whether a more recent version of this document exists. The ESC warns readers that the technical language may be misinterpreted and declines any responsibility in this respect.

Permissions: The content of these ESC Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permissions can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ESC (journals. permissions@oup.com).

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Keywords Guidelines • European Society of Cardiology (ESC) • Heart failure • Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) • Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) • Decompensated heart failure • Advanced heart failure • Stages of heart failure • Heart failure phenotypes • Treatment • Prevention • Pharmacotherapy • Foundational medical therapy • Additional medical therapy • Guideline directed interventional therapy • Cardiac resynchronization therapy • Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator • Aetiology • Diagnosis • Comorbidities • Cardiac amyloidosis Downloaded from academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehag100/8766302 by guest on 31 August 2026