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Abbreviations and acronyms

2D Two-dimensional 3D Three-dimensional 4D Four-dimensional ACE-I Angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor ACTIVATION PercutAneous Coronary inTervention prIor to transcatheter aortic VAlve implantaTION trial AF Atrial fibrillation AO Aorta AP Anteroposterior AR Aortic regurgitation ARB Angiotensin receptor blocker AS Aortic stenosis ASA Acetylsalicylic acid ATLANTIS Anti-Thrombotic Strategy to Lower All Cardiovascular and Neurologic Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Events after Trans-Aortic Valve Implantation for Aortic Stenosis AU Agatston units AV Aortic valve AVA Aortic valve area AVAi Aortic valve area indexed for body surface area AVATAR Aortic Valve Replacement Versus Conservative Treatment in Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis AVCS Aortic valve calcium score AVr Aortic valve repair BASILICA Bioprosthetic or native Aortic Scallop Intentional Laceration to prevent Iatrogenic Coronary Artery obstruction BAV Bicuspid aortic valve BHV Biological heart valve BNP Brain natriuretic peptide BP Blood pressure BSA Body surface area CABG Coronary artery bypass grafting CAD Coronary artery disease CCT Cardiac computed tomography CCTA Coronary computed tomography angiography CHA2DS2-VASc Congestive heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction, hypertension, age ≥75 (doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled), vascular disease, age 65–74, sex category (female) CI Confidence interval CIED Cardiac implantable electronic device CKD Chronic kidney disease CMR Cardiac magnetic resonance COAPT Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation CRT Cardiac resynchronization therapy CT Computed tomography CW Continuous wave CYP Cytochrome P DAPT Dual antiplatelet therapy DEDICATE Randomized, Multicenter, Event-Driven Trial of TAVI versus SAVR in Patients with Symptomatic Severe Aortic-Valve Stenosis DOAC Direct oral anticoagulant DSE Dobutamine stress echocardiography DVI Doppler velocity index EACTS European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery EARLY TAVR Evaluation of TAVR Compared to Surveillance for Patients with Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis trial ECG Electrocardiogram EDV End-diastolic velocity ENVISAGE-TAVI AF Edoxaban vs. Standard of Care and Their Effects on Clinical Outcomes in Patients Having Undergone Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation–Atrial Fibrillation EOA Effective orifice area EROA Effective regurgitant orifice area ESC European Society of Cardiology EuroSCORE European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation EVoLVeD Early Valve Replacement guided by Biomarkers of LV Decompensation in Asymptomatic Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis FAC Fractional area change FFR Fractional flow reserve FWS Free wall strain GALILEO Global multicenter, open-label, randomized, event-driven, active-controlled study comparing a rivAroxaban-based antithrombotic strategy to an antipLatelet-based strategy after transcatheter aortIc vaLve rEplacement (TAVR) to Optimize clinical outcomes trial GDMT Guideline-directed medical therapy GLS Global longitudinal strain h Hour HALT Hypo-attenuated leaflet thickening HF Heart failure HFpEF Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction HFrEF Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction HR Hazard ratio HTx Heart transplantation INR International normalized ratio IU International unit KCCQ Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire LA Left atrium/left atrial LAAO Left atrial appendage occlusion LAAOS Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Study LAMPOON Laceration of the Anterior Mitral leaflet to Prevent Outflow ObstructioN LAVI Left atrial volume index LMWH Low-molecular-weight heparin LV Left ventricle/left ventricular LVAD Left ventricular assist device LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction LVESD Left ventricular end-systolic diameter LVESDi Left ventricular end-systolic diameter indexed to BSA LVESVi Left ventricular end-systolic volume indexed to BSA LVOT Left ventricular outflow tract MA Mitral annulus MAC Mitral annular calcification

ESC Guidelines                                                                                                                                                                                          4639

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