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ASI Aortic size index BASIL Bypass versus Angioplasty in Severe Ischaemia of the Leg trial BAV Bicuspid aortic valve BB Beta-blocker BEST-CLI Best Endovascular versus Best Surgical Therapy for Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia trial b.i.d. Bis in die (twice daily) BMI Body mass index BP Blood pressure b.p.m. Beats per minute BSA Body surface area BTK Below-the-knee CABG Coronary artery bypass grafting CAD Coronary artery disease CANTOS Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study CANVAS Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study CAS Carotid artery stenting CCA Common carotid artery CCB Calcium channel blocker CCT Cardiovascular computed tomography CDT Catheter-based thrombectomy cdTLR Clinically driven target lesion revascularization CEA Carotid endarterectomy CEUS Contrast-enhanced ultrasound CHA2DS2-VASc Congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 (doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled), vascular disease, age 65 to 74 and sex category (female) CI Confidence interval cIMT Carotid intima media thickness CK Creatinine kinase CKD Chronic kidney disease CLTI Chronic limb-threatening ischaemia CMI Chronic mesenteric ischaemia CMR Cardiovascular magnetic resonance CoA Coarctation of the aorta COMPASS Cardiovascular Outcomes for People Using Anticoagulation Strategies COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CP Carotid plaque CREDENCE Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation CREST-2 Carotid Revascularization Endartectomy vs. Stenting Trial 2 CRP C-reactive protein CS Carotid artery stenosis CSA/h Cross-sectional area-to-height ratio CT Computed tomography CTA Computed tomography angiography CV Cardiovascular CVD Cardiovascular disease CVRF Cardiovascular risk factor DAPT Dual antiplatelet therapy DBP Diastolic blood pressure DD D-dimer DISSECT Duration, Intimal tear, Size, Segmental Extent, Clinical complications, Thrombosis DPI Dual pathway inhibition DSA Digital subtraction angiography DTA Descending thoracic aorta DUS Duplex ultrasound DWI Diffusion-weighted imaging ECG Electrocardiogram ECST European Carotid Surgery Trial eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate EMPA-REG OUTCOME (Empagliflozin) Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients ESC European Society of Cardiology ESH European Society of Hypertension ESRD End-stage renal disease EUCLID Examining Use of tiCagreLor In peripheral artery Disease FDA (United States) Food and Drug Administration FDG Fluorodeoxyglucose FDR First-degree relative FET Frozen elephant trunk FID Focal intimal disruption FL False lumen GERAADA German Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection Type A GFR Glomerular filtration rate GLP-1RA Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist GSV Great saphenous vein HADS Hospital anxiety and depression score HbA1c Glycated haemoglobin HBET Home-based exercise training HF Heart failure HITS High-intensity transient signal HOME Hyperinsulinaemia: the Outcomes of its Metabolic Effects HR Hazard ratio HRQoL Health-related quality of life hs-CRP High-sensitivity C-reactive protein HSR High surgical risk HTAD Heritable thoracic aortic disease IC Intermittent claudication ICA Internal carotid artery ID Intimal disruption IL Interleukin ILT Intensive lipid-lowering therapy IMA Inferior mesenteric artery IMH Intramural haematoma IMPROVE-AD The Improving outcomes in vascular disease— aortic dissection trial IMPROVE-IT IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial IPE Icosapent ethyl IRAD International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection ISTH International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis i.v. Intravenous IVUS Intravascular ultrasound LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LEADER Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results trial LSA Left subclavian artery LV Left ventricular MACE Major adverse cardiac event ESC Guidelines 3545 Downloaded from academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/45/36/3538/7738955 by guest on 07 October 2026