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2023 ESC Guidelines for the management

of endocarditis

Developed by the task force on the management of endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Endorsed by the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) and the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Authors/Task Force Members: Victoria Delgado  *†, (Chairperson) (Spain), Nina Ajmone Marsan ‡, (Task Force Co-ordinator) (Netherlands), Suzanne de Waha‡, (Task Force Co-ordinator) (Germany), Nikolaos Bonaros (Austria), Margarita Brida (Croatia), Haran Burri (Switzerland), Stefano Caselli (Switzerland), Torsten Doenst (Germany), Stephane Ederhy (France), Paola Anna Erba 1 (Italy), Dan Foldager (Denmark), Emil L. Fosbøl (Denmark), Jan Kovac (United Kingdom), Carlos A. Mestres (South Africa), Owen I. Miller (United Kingdom), Jose M. Miro 2 (Spain), Michal Pazdernik (Czech Republic), Maria Nazarena Pizzi (Spain), Eduard Quintana 3 (Spain), Trine Bernholdt Rasmussen (Denmark), Arsen D. Ristić (Serbia), Josep Rodés-Cabau (Canada), Alessandro Sionis (Spain), Liesl Joanna Zühlke (South Africa), Michael A. Borger  *†, (Chairperson) (Germany), and ESC Scientific Document Group

* Corresponding authors: Victoria Delgado, Cardiology, Hospital University Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain, and Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain. Tel: +34 934 65 12 00, E-mail: videlga@gmail.com; and Michael A. Borger, University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany. Tel: +49-341-865-0, E-mail: Michael.Borger@helios-gesundheit.de † The two Chairpersons contributed equally to the document and are joint corresponding authors. ‡ The two Task Force Co-ordinators contributed equally to the document. Author/Task Force Member affiliations are listed in author information. 1 Representing the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) 2 Representing the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) 3 Representing the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) Committee: listed in the Appendix. ESC subspecialty communities having participated in the development of this document: Associations: Association of Cardiovascular Nursing & Allied Professions (ACNAP), Association for Acute CardioVascular Care (ACVC), European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC), European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), and Heart Failure Association (HFA). Councils: Council for Cardiology Practice, Council on Stroke. Working Groups: Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Cardiovascular Surgery. Patient Forum The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ESC (journals.permissions@oup.com). Disclaimer. The ESC Guidelines represent the views of the ESC and were produced after careful consideration of the scientific and medical knowledge and the evidence available at the time of their publication. The ESC is not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy, and/or ambiguity between the ESC Guidelines and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular, in relation to good use of healthcare or therapeutic strategies. Health professionals are encouraged to take the ESC Guidelines fully into account when exercising their clinical judgment, as well as in the determination and the implementation of preventive, diagnostic, or therapeutic medical strategies; however, the ESC Guidelines do not override, in any way whatsoever, the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and accurate decisions in consideration of each patient’s health condition and in consultation with that patient and, where appropriate and/or necessary, the patient’s caregiver. Nor do the ESC Guidelines exempt health professionals from taking into full and careful consideration the relevant official updated recommendations or guidelines issued by the competent public health authorities, in order to manage each patient’s case in light of the scientifically accepted data pursuant to their respective ethical and professional obligations. It is also the health professional’s responsibility to verify the applicable rules and regulations relating to drugs and medical devices at the time of prescription. © The European Society of Cardiology 2023. All rights reserved. For permissions please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

European Heart Journal (2023) 44, 3948–4042 https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad193

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