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14.2 Shared decision-making

Shared decision-making is a process, during which the patient and a healthcare professional work together to make an informed decision about the patient’s care.884 During this process, information is provided, comprehension checked, and the patient is given an opportunity to ask questions in order to equip them with the tools needed to make an informed decision. Using a shared decision-making approach during the consent process allows the patient’s preferences to be established.884 Discovery of the patient’s concerns, goals, preferences, and values should be a central component of this process. The use of validated decision aids and audio-visual tools may also be helpful to facilitate informed consent and promote patient involvement.884–887 14.3 Informed consent

Informed consent should include the components listed in Supplementary data online, Table S18.885,888 Informed consent is an opportunity to educate patients about the proposed procedure, the associated risks and benefits, and any available alternative interventions or treatments.886,887 Assessment of the patient’s understanding of the information given to them during the informed consent process using the ‘teach back’ technique should be considered (Supplementary data online, Figure S6).885,889–891 The teach back method assesses understanding by asking patients to state in their own words what they need to know or do about their health. Informed consent is an ethical and legal obligation for medical practitioners and is required before any invasive procedure. The information

Premorbid

condition Consider all

risk factors Establish medical

history and prior medications Consider psychosocial

factors

Hospital admission Individualize care

at triage Perform a person-centred

clinical assessment Employ shared decision-making

Preparing for

discharge Explain regarding long-term treatment Educate about lifestyle modification Consider mental and emotional health

At every stage, consider physical and psychosocial needs

Taking a person-centred approach to the ACS journey

Figure 19 A person-centred approach to the ACS journey. ACS, acute coronary syndrome.

ESC Guidelines                                                                                                                                                                                          3789

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