p.4 抽出テキスト

............................................................................................................................................................................ Recommendations on indications for mitral valve intervention in chronic severe secondary mitral regurgitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Recommendations on indications for percutaneous mitral commissurotomy and mitral valve surgery in clinically significant (moderate or severe) mitral stenosis (valve area <_1.5 cm2) . . . . . . . . . . 34 Recommendations on indications for intervention in tricuspid valve disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Recommendations for prosthetic valve selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Recommendations for management of antithrombotic therapy after prosthetic valve implantation or valve repair in the perioperative and postoperative periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Recommendations on management of prosthetic valve dysfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Abbreviations and acronyms

2D Two-dimensional 3D Three-dimensional ACEI Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ACS Acute coronary syndrome AF Atrial fibrillation ARB Angiotensin receptor blocker ARC-HBR Academic Research Consortium  High Bleeding Risk ASA Acetylsalicylic acid AVA Aortic valve area BAV Balloon aortic valvuloplasty BHV Biological heart valve BVF Bioprosthetic valve failure BNP B-type natriuretic peptide BP Blood pressure BSA Body surface area CABG Coronary artery bypass grafting CAD Coronary artery disease CCT Cardiac computed tomography CI Confidence interval CMR Cardiac magnetic resonance CRT Cardiac resynchronization therapy CT Computed tomography DAPT Dual antiplatelet therapy DPm Mean pressure gradient DSE Dobutamine stress echocardiography DVI Doppler velocity index/dimensionless index EACTS European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery ECG Electrocardiogram EDV End-diastolic velocity EROA Effective regurgitant orifice area ESC European Society of Cardiology EuroSCORE European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation FFP Fresh frozen plasma GDMT Guideline-directed medical treatment therapy HALT Hypo-attenuated leaflet thickening HTx Heart transplantation INR International normalized ratio i.v. Intravenous LA Left atrium/left atrial LAA Left atrial appendage LMWH Low-molecular-weight heparin LV Left ventricle/left ventricular LVAD Left ventricular assist devices LVEDD Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction LVESD Left ventricular end-systolic diameter LVOT Left ventricular outflow tract MAC Mitral annular calcification MHV Mechanical heart valve MIDA Mitral Regurgitation International Database MVA Mitral valve area NCS Non-cardiac surgery NOAC Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant NYHA New York Heart Association OAC Oral anticoagulation PCC Prothrombin complex concentration PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention PET Positron emission tomography PISA Proximal isovelocity surface area PMC Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy PMR Primary mitral regurgitation PPM Patient-prosthesis mismatch PROM Predicted risk of mortality RCT Randomized controlled trial RV Right ventricle/right ventricular SAPT Single antiplatelet therapy SAVR Surgical aortic valve replacement SMR Secondary mitral regurgitation SVD Structural valve deterioration SPAP Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure STS Society of Thoracic Surgeons SVi Stroke volume index TAPSE Tricuspid annular pulmonary systolic excursion TAVI Transcatheter aortic valve implantation TE Thromboembolism TEER Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair TTVI Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention TOE Transoesophageal echocardiography TTE Transthoracic echocardiography TVI Time-velocity integral TVR Tricuspid valve replacement or repair UFH Unfractionated heparin VHD Valvular heart disease VKA Vitamin K antagonist Vmax Peak transvalvular velocity

1 Preamble

Guidelines summarize and evaluate available evidence with the aim of assisting health professionals in proposing the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition. Guidelines and their recommendations should facilitate decision making of health professionals in their daily practice. However, the final decisions concerning an individual patient must be made by the Downloaded from academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/43/7/561/6358470 by guest on 07 October 2026