p.88 抽出テキスト
............................................................................................................................................................................. meta-analysis of 230 cohort studies with 3.74 million deaths among 30.3 million participants. BMJ 2016;353:i2156. 47. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, Wormser D, Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio E, Wood AM, Pennells L, Thompson A, Sarwar N, Kizer JR, Lawlor DA, Nordestgaard BG, Ridker P, Salomaa V, Stevens J, Woodward M, Sattar N, Collins R, Thompson SG, Whitlock G, Danesh J. Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies. Lancet 2011;377:10851095. 48. World Health Organization. Gender and health. https://www.who.int/healthtopics/gender#tab=tab_1 (4 June 2021). 49. Global Health 50/50. Gender and global health. https://globalhealth5050.org/gen der-and-global-health (4 June 2021). 50. Mauvais-Jarvis F, Bairey Merz N, Barnes PJ, Brinton RD, Carrero JJ, DeMeo DL, De Vries GJ, Epperson CN, Govindan R, Klein SL, Lonardo A, Maki PM, McCullough LD, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Regensteiner JG, Rubin JB, Sandberg K, Suzuki A. Sex and gender: modifiers of health, disease, and medicine. Lancet 2020;396:565582. 51. Peters SAE, Muntner P, Woodward M. Sex Differences in the Prevalence of, and Trends in, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Treatment, and Control in the United States, 2001 to 2016. Circulation 2019;139:10251035. 52. Lee CMY, Mnatzaganian G, Woodward M, Chow CK, Sitas F, Robinson S, Huxley RR. Sex disparities in the management of coronary heart disease in general practices in Australia. Heart 2019;105:18981904. 53. Cushman M, Shay CM, Howard VJ, Jimenez MC, Lewey J, McSweeney JC, Newby LK, Poudel R, Reynolds HR, Rexrode KM, Sims M, Mosca LJ, American Heart Association. Ten-Year Differences in Women’s Awareness Related to Coronary Heart Disease: Results of the 2019 American Heart Association National Survey: A Special Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021;143:e239e248. 54. Pelletier R, Khan NA, Cox J, Daskalopoulou SS, Eisenberg MJ, Bacon SL, Lavoie KL, Daskupta K, Rabi D, Humphries KH, Norris CM, Thanassoulis G, Behlouli H, Pilote L, GENESIS-PRAXY Investigators. Sex Versus Gender-Related Characteristics: Which Predicts Outcome After Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Young? J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;67:127135. 55. Bots SH, Groepenhoff F, Eikendal ALM, Tannenbaum C, Rochon PA, Regitz- Zagrosek V, Miller VM, Day D, Asselbergs FW, den Ruijter HM. Adverse Drug Reactions to Guideline-Recommended Heart Failure Drugs in Women: A Systematic Review of the Literature. JACC Heart Fail 2019;7:258266. 56. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Seeland U. Sex and gender differences in clinical medicine. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2012:322. 57. Wehner GJ, Jing L, Haggerty CM, Suever JD, Leader JB, Hartzel DN, Kirchner HL, Manus JNA, James N, Ayar Z, Gladding P, Good CW, Cleland JGF, Fornwalt BK. Routinely reported ejection fraction and mortality in clinical practice: where does the nadir of risk lie? Eur Heart J 2020;41:12491257. 58. Chung AK, Das SR, Leonard D, Peshock RM, Kazi F, Abdullah SM, Canham RM, Levine BD, Drazner MH. Women have higher left ventricular ejection fractions than men independent of differences in left ventricular volume: the Dallas Heart Study. Circulation 2006;113:15971604. 59. Maas A, Rosano G, Cifkova R, Chieffo A, van Dijken D, Hamoda H, Kunadian V, Laan E, Lambrinoudaki I, Maclaran K, Panay N, Stevenson JC, van Trotsenburg M, Collins P. Cardiovascular health after menopause transition, pregnancy disorders, and other gynaecologic conditions: a consensus document from European cardiologists, gynaecologists, and endocrinologists. Eur Heart J 2021;42:967984. 60. Glasziou PP, Irwig LM. An evidence based approach to individualising treatment. BMJ 1995;311:13561359. 61. Dorresteijn JA, Visseren FL, Ridker PM, Wassink AM, Paynter NP, Steyerberg EW, van der Graaf Y, Cook NR. Estimating treatment effects for individual patients based on the results of randomised clinical trials. BMJ 2011;343:d5888. 62. Fox CS, Matsushita K, Woodward M, Bilo HJ, Chalmers J, Heerspink HJ, Lee BJ, Perkins RM, Rossing P, Sairenchi T, Tonelli M, Vassalotti JA, Yamagishi K, Coresh J, de Jong PE, Wen CP, Nelson RG, Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium. Associations of kidney disease measures with mortality and endstage renal disease in individuals with and without diabetes: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2012;380:16621673. 63. Robbins JM, Strauss G, Aron D, Long J, Kuba J, Kaplan Y. Mortality rates and diabetic foot ulcers: is it time to communicate mortality risk to patients with diabetic foot ulceration? J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2008;98:489493. 64. Brownrigg JR, Hughes CO, Burleigh D, Karthikesalingam A, Patterson BO, Holt PJ, Thompson MM, de Lusignan S, Ray KK, Hinchliffe RJ. Microvascular disease and risk of cardiovascular events among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a population-level cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016;4:588597. 65. International Society of Nephrology. KDIGO 2020 Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease. https://kdigo.org/wp-content/ uploads/2020/10/KDIGO-2020-Diabetes-in-CKD-GL.pdf (4 June 2021). 66. Cersosimo E, Johnson EL, Chovanes C, Skolnik N. Initiating therapy in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: Combination therapy vs a stepwise approach. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018;20:497507. 67. Rodbard HW, Visco VE, Andersen H, Hiort LC, Shu DH. Treatment intensification with stepwise addition of prandial insulin aspart boluses compared with full basal-bolus therapy (FullSTEP Study): a randomised, treat-to-target clinical trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2:3037. 68. SCORE2 working group and ESC Cardiovascular risk collaboration. SCORE2 risk prediction algorithms: new models to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in Europe. Eur Heart J 2021;42:24392454. 69. Kannel WB. Coronary heart disease risk factors in the elderly. Am J Geriatr Cardiol 2002;11:101107. 70. Wolbers M, Koller MT, Witteman JC, Steyerberg EW. Prognostic models with competing risks: methods and application to coronary risk prediction. Epidemiology 2009;20:555561. 71. Berry SD, Ngo L, Samelson EJ, Kiel DP. Competing risk of death: an important consideration in studies of older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010;58:783787. 72. SCORE2-OP working group and ESC Cardiovascular risk collaboration. SCORE2-OP risk prediction algorithms: estimating incident cardiovascular event risk in older persons in four geographical risk regions. Eur Heart J 2021;42:24552467. 73. World Health Organization. Disease burden and mortality estimates. www.who. int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates/en (4 June 2021). 74. Pennells L, Kaptoge S, Wood A, Sweeting M, Zhao X, White I, Burgess S, Willeit P, Bolton T, Moons KGM, van der Schouw YT, Selmer R, Khaw KT, Gudnason V, Assmann G, Amouyel P, Salomaa V, Kivimaki M, Nordestgaard BG, Blaha MJ, Kuller LH, Brenner H, Gillum RF, Meisinger C, Ford I, Knuiman MW, Rosengren A, Lawlor DA, Volzke H, Cooper C, Marin Ibanez A, Casiglia E, Kauhanen J, Cooper JA, Rodriguez B, Sundstrom J, Barrett-Connor E, Dankner R, Nietert PJ, Davidson KW, Wallace RB, Blazer DG, Bjorkelund C, Donfrancesco C, Krumholz HM, Nissinen A, Davis BR, Coady S, Whincup PH, Jorgensen T, Ducimetiere P, Trevisan M, Engstrom G, Crespo CJ, Meade TW, Visser M, Kromhout D, Kiechl S, Daimon M, Price JF, Gomez de la Camara A, Wouter Jukema J, Lamarche B, Onat A, Simons LA, Kavousi M, Ben-Shlomo Y, Gallacher J, Dekker JM, Arima H, Shara N, Tipping RW, Roussel R, Brunner EJ, Koenig W, Sakurai M, Pavlovic J, Gansevoort RT, Nagel D, Goldbourt U, Barr ELM, Palmieri L, Njolstad I, Sato S, Monique Verschuren WM, Varghese CV, Graham I, Onuma O, Greenland P, Woodward M, Ezzati M, Psaty BM, Sattar N, Jackson R, Ridker PM, Cook NR, D’Agostino RB, Thompson SG, Danesh J, Di Angelantonio E, Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. Equalization of four cardiovascular risk algorithms after systematic recalibration: individual-participant meta-analysis of 86 prospective studies. Eur Heart J 2019;40:621631. 75. Berkelmans GFN, Gudbjornsdottir S, Visseren FLJ, Wild SH, Franzen S, Chalmers J, Davis BR, Poulter NR, Spijkerman AM, Woodward M, Pressel SL, Gupta AK, van der Schouw YT, Svensson AM, van der Graaf Y, Read SH, Eliasson B, Dorresteijn JAN. Prediction of individual life-years gained without cardiovascular events from lipid, blood pressure, glucose, and aspirin treatment based on data of more than 500 000 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 2019;40:28992906. 76. Jaspers NEM, Blaha MJ, Matsushita K, van der Schouw YT, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT, Geisel MH, Lehmann N, Erbel R, Jockel KH, van der Graaf Y, Verschuren WMM, Boer JMA, Nambi V, Visseren FLJ, Dorresteijn JAN. Prediction of individualized lifetime benefit from cholesterol lowering, blood pressure lowering, antithrombotic therapy, and smoking cessation in apparently healthy people. Eur Heart J 2020;41:11901199. 77. Kaasenbrood L, Bhatt DL, Dorresteijn JAN, Wilson PWF, D’Agostino RB, Sr., Massaro JM, van der Graaf Y, Cramer MJM, Kappelle LJ, de Borst GJ, Steg PG, Visseren FLJ. Estimated Life Expectancy Without Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Vascular Disease: The SMART-REACH Model. J Am Heart Assoc 2018;7:e009217. 78. Rossello X, Dorresteijn JA, Janssen A, Lambrinou E, Scherrenberg M, Bonnefoy- Cudraz E, Cobain M, Piepoli MF, Visseren FL, Dendale P. Risk prediction tools in cardiovascular disease prevention: A report from the ESC Prevention of CVD Programme led by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) in collaboration with the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (ACCA) and the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions (ACNAP). Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2019;18:534544. 79. Benetos A, Petrovic M, Strandberg T. Hypertension Management in Older and Frail Older Patients. Circ Res 2019;124:10451060. 80. Ference BA, Bhatt DL, Catapano AL, Packard CJ, Graham I, Kaptoge S, Ference TB, Guo Q, Laufs U, Ruff CT, Cupido A, Hovingh GK, Danesh J, Holmes MV, Smith GD, Ray KK, Nicholls SJ, Sabatine MS. Association of Genetic Variants Related to Combined Exposure to Lower Low-Density Lipoproteins and Lower Systolic Blood Pressure With Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA 2019;322:13811391. Downloaded from academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/42/34/3227/6358713 by guest on 07 October 2026