p.17 抽出テキスト

Y

Suspected heart failure

Echocardiography

NT-proBNP ≥ 125 pg/mL

or BNP ≥ 35 pg/mL N

Y

Diagnostic algorithm for heart failure

Risk factors Symptoms and/or signs Abnormal ECG

or if HF strongly suspected or if NT-proBNP/BNP unavailable

Abnormal findings

Y

Heart failure confirmed Define heart failure phenotype

based on LVEF measurement

≤40% (HFrEF) 41–49% (HFmrEF) ≥50% (HFpEF)

Determine aetiology and

commence treatment Heart failure unlikely

Consider other diagnoses

N

Figure 1 The diagnostic algorithm for heart failure. BNP= B-type natriuretic peptide; ECG= electrocardiogram; HFmrEF= heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction; HFpEF= heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF= heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; LVEF= left ventricular ejection fraction; NT-proBNP= N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide. The abnormal echocardiographic findings are described in more detail in the respective sections on HFrEF (section 5), HFmrEF (section 7), and HFpEF (section 8). Downloaded from academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/42/36/3599/6358045 by guest on 07 October 2026