p.6 抽出テキスト

........................................................................................................................................................................... MACE Major adverse cardiovascular events MB Myocardial bridge/bridging MCE Moderate continuous exercise MET Metabolic equivalent MFS Marfan syndrome MI Myocardial infarction MR Mitral regurgitation MS Mitral stenosis MVA Mitral valve area MVP Mitral valve prolapse NSVT Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia NYHA New York Heart Association OAC Oral anticoagulants PA Physical activity PAD Peripheral arterial disease PAP Pulmonary artery pressure PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention PCSK-9 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 PET Positron emission tomography PH Pulmonary hypertension PM Pacemaker PSVT Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia PVC Premature ventricular contraction PVI Pulmonary vein isolation RBBB Right bundle branch block RM Repetition maximum RPE Rating of perceived exertion RT-PCR Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction RV Right ventricular RVOT Right ventricular outflow tract SBP Systolic blood pressure SCA Sudden cardiac arrest SCAD Spontaneous coronary artery dissection SCD Sudden cardiac death SCORE Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation sPAP Systolic pulmonary artery pressure SPECT Single-photon emission computed tomography TIA Transient ischaemic attack TR Tricuspid regurgitation T2DM Type II diabetes mellitus US United States VA Ventricular arrhythmia VAD Ventricular assist device VF Ventricular fibrillation VT Ventricular tachycardia VO2 Oxygen consumption VO2max Maximum oxygen consumption VO2peak Peak oxygen consumption WADA World Anti-Doping Agency WPW Wolff-Parkinson-White

1 Preamble

Guidelines summarize and evaluate available evidence with the aim of assisting health professionals in proposing the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition. Guidelines and their recommendations should facilitate decision making of health professionals in their daily practice. However, the final decisions concerning an individual patient must be made by the responsible health professional(s) in consultation with the patient and caregiver as appropriate.

A great number of Guidelines have been issued in recent years by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), as well as by other societies and organizations. Because of their impact on clinical practice, quality criteria for the development of guidelines have been established in order to make all decisions transparent to the user. The recommendations for formulating and issuing ESC Guidelines can be found on the ESC website (http://www.escardio.org/Guidelines-&- Education/Clinical-Practice-Guidelines/Guidelines-development/Wri ting-ESC-Guidelines). The ESC Guidelines represent the official position of the ESC on a given topic and are regularly updated. In addition to the publication of Clinical Practice Guidelines, the ESC carries out the EurObservational Research Programme of international registries of cardiovascular diseases and interventions which are essential to assess, diagnostic/therapeutic processes, use of resources and adherence to Guidelines. These registries aim at providing a better understanding of medical practice in Europe and around the world, based on high-quality data collected during routine clinical practice. Furthermore, the ESC has developed and embedded, in some of its guidelines, a set of quality indicators (QIs) which are tools to evaluate the level of implementation of the Guidelines and may be used by the ESC, hospitals, healthcare providers and professionals to measure clinical practice as well as used in educational programmes, alongside the key messages from the Guidelines, to improve quality of care and clinical outcomes. The Members of this Task Force were selected by the ESC, including representation from its relevant ESC sub-specialty groups, in order to represent professionals involved with the medical care of patients with this pathology. Selected experts in the field undertook a comprehensive review of the published evidence for management of a given condition according to ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) policy. A critical evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures was performed, including assessment of the riskbenefit ratio. The level of evidence and the strength of the recommendation of particular management options were weighed and graded according to predefined scales, as outlined below. The experts of the writing and reviewing panels provided declaration of interest forms for all relationships that might be perceived as real or potential sources of conflicts of interest. Their declarations of interest were reviewed according to the ESC declaration of interest rules and can be found on the ESC website (http://www.escardio.org/guidelines). This process ensures transparency and prevents potential biases in the development and review processes. Any changes in declarations of interest that arise during the writing period were notified to the ESC and updated. The Task Force received its entire financial support from the ESC without any involvement from the healthcare industry. The ESC CPG supervises and coordinates the preparation of new Guidelines. The Committee is also responsible for the endorsement process of these Guidelines. The ESC Guidelines undergo extensive review by the CPG and external experts. After appropriate revisions the Guidelines are approved by all the Downloaded from academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/42/1/17/5898937 by guest on 07 October 2026