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Circulation. 2025;152(suppl 2):S538–S577. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001376 October 21, 2025 S551

Wigginton et al Advanced Life Support: 2025 AHA Guidelines for CPR and ECC

A large, randomized, placebo-controlled prehospital trial found amiodarone and lidocaine each improved survival to hospital admission over placebo, however, there was no difference in survival to hospital discharge.5 Secondary analyses of both drugs found improved survival to hospital

Figure 2. Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm. CPR indicates cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ET, endotracheal; IO, intraosseous; IV, intravenous; PEA, pulseless electrical activity; pVT, pulseless ventricular tachycardia; and VF, ventricular fibrillation.

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