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Kusumoto et al 2018 Bradycardia Clinical Practice Guidelines

August 20, 2019 Circulation. 2019;140:e382–e482. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000628 e470

CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES S6.4.4.1-37.	 Khurshid S, Epstein AE, Verdino RJ, et al. Incidence and predic-

tors of right ventricular pacing-induced cardiomyopathy. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1619–25. S6.4.4.1-38.	 Sharma AD, Rizo-Patron C, Hallstrom AP, et al. Percent right ventricular pacing predicts outcomes in the DAVID trial. Heart Rhythm. 2005;2:830–4. S6.4.4.1-39.	 Orlov MV, Gardin JM, Slawsky M, et al. Biventricular pacing improves cardiac function and prevents further left atrial remodeling in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation after atrioventricular node ablation. Am Heart J. 2010;159:264–70. S6.4.4.1-40.	 Doshi RN, Daoud EG, Fellows C, et al. Left ventricular-based cardiac stimulation post AV nodal ablation evaluation (the PAVE study). J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005;16:1160–5. S6.4.4.1-41.	 St John Sutton M, Plappert T, Adamson PB, et al. Left ventricular reverse remodeling with biventricular versus right ventricular pacing in patients with atrioventricular block and heart failure in the BLOCK HF trial. Circ Heart Fail. 2015;8:510–8. S6.4.4.1-42.	 Abdelrahman M, Subzposh FA, Beer D, et al. Clinical outcomes of His bundle pacing compared to right ventricular pacing. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71:2319–30. S6.4.4.1-43.	 Vijayaraman P, Subzposh FA, Naperkowski A. Atrioventricular node ablation and His bundle pacing. Europace. 2017;19:iv10–6. S6.4.4.1-44.	 Kusumoto FM, Schoenfeld MH, Wilkoff BL, et al. 2017 HRS

expert consensus statement on cardiovascular implantable electronic device lead management and extraction. Heart Rhythm. 2017;14:e503–51.

7 CONDUCTION DISORDERS

(WITH 1:1 ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION)

7.4 Evaluation of Conduction Disorders

S7.4-1.	 Fahy GJ, Pinski SL, Miller DP, et al. Natural history of isolated bundle branch block. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77:1185–90. S7.4-2.	 Schneider JF, Thomas HE Jr, Kreger BE, et al. Newly acquired left bundle-branch block: the Framingham study. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:303–10. S7.4-3.	 Talreja D, Gruver C, Sklenar J, et al. Efficient utilization of echocardiography for the assessment of left ventricular systolic function. Am Heart J. 2000;139:394–8. S7.4-4.	 Barrett PM, Komatireddy R, Haaser S, et al. Comparison of 24-hour Holter monitoring with 14-day novel adhesive patch electrocardiographic monitoring. Am J Med. 2014;127:95.e11–7. S7.4-5.	 Brown AP, Dawkins KD, Davies JG. Detection of arrhythmias: use of a patient-activated ambulatory electrocardiogram device with a solid-state memory loop. Br Heart J. 1987;58:251–3. S7.4-6.	 Joshi AK, Kowey PR, Prystowsky EN, et al. First experience with a mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry (MCOT) system for the diagnosis and management of cardiac arrhythmia. Am J Cardiol. 2005;95:878–81. S7.4-7.	 Locati ET, Moya A, Oliveira M, et al. External prolonged electrocardiogram monitoring in unexplained syncope and palpitations: results of the SYNARR-Flash study. Europace. 2016;18:1265–72. S7.4-8.	 Reiffel JA, Schwarzberg R, Murry M. Comparison of autotriggered memory loop recorders versus standard loop recorders versus 24-hour Holter monitors for arrhythmia detection. Am J Cardiol. 2005;95:1055–9. S7.4-9.	 Rothman SA, Laughlin JC, Seltzer J, et al. The diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias: a prospective multi-center randomized study comparing mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry versus standard loop event monitoring. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2007;18:241–7. S7.4-10.	 Sivakumaran S, Krahn AD, Klein GJ, et al. A prospective randomized comparison of loop recorders versus Holter monitors in patients with syncope or presyncope. Am J Med. 2003;115:1–5. S7.4-11.	 Turakhia MP, Hoang DD, Zimetbaum P, et al. Diagnostic utility of a novel leadless arrhythmia monitoring device. Am J Cardiol. 2013;112:520–4. S7.4-12.	 Chiu DT, Shapiro NI, Sun BC, et al. Are echocardiography, telemetry,

ambulatory electrocardiography monitoring, and cardiac enzymes in emergency department patients presenting with syncope useful tests? A preliminary investigation. J Emerg Med. 2014;47:113–8. S7.4-13.	 Douglas PS, Garcia MJ, Haines DE, et al. ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/

HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR 2011 appropriate use criteria for echocardiography: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography, American Heart Association, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance American College of Chest Physicians. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24:229–67. S7.4-14.	 McAnulty JH, Rahimtoola SH, Murphy E, et al. Natural history of “high-risk” bundle-branch block: final report of a prospective study. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:137–43. S7.4-15.	 Mahmod M, Karamitsos TD, Suttie JJ, et al. Prevalence of cardiomyopathy in asymptomatic patients with left bundle branch block referred for cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;28:1133–40. S7.4-16.	 Eriksson P, Hansson PO, Eriksson H, et al. Bundle-branch block in a general male population: the study of men born 1913. Circulation. 1998;98:2494–500. S7.4-17.	 Aro AL, Anttonen O, Tikkanen JT, et al. Intraventricular conduction delay in a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram as a predictor of mortality in the general population. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011;4:704–10. S7.4-18.	 Tiosano S, Hod H, Oberman B, et al. A three-decade survival analysis of intraventricular conduction delay in adults without ischemic heart disease. Am J Med. 2016;129:1219.e11–6. S7.4-19.	 Steinberg JS, Varma N, Cygankiewicz I, et al. 2017 ISHNE-HRS expert consensus statement on ambulatory ECG and external cardiac monitoring/telemetry. Heart Rhythm. 2017;14:e55–96. S7.4-20.	 Linzer M, Prystowsky EN, Divine GW, et al. Predicting the outcomes of electrophysiologic studies of patients with unexplained syncope: preliminary validation of a derived model. J Gen Intern Med. 1991;6:113–20. S7.4-21.	 Mavrogeni S, Sfikakis PP, Karabela G, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic patients with connective tissue disease and recent onset left bundle branch block. Int J Cardiol. 2014;171:82–7. S7.4-22.	 Haataja P, Anttila I, Nikus K, et al. Prognostic implications of intraventricular conduction delays in a general population: the Health 2000 Survey. Ann Med. 2015;47:74–80. S7.4-23.	 Bharati S, Dhingra RC, Lev M, et al. Conduction system in a patient with Prinzmetal’s angina and transient atrioventricular block. Am J Cardiol. 1977;39:120–5. S7.4-24.	 Bobba P, Salerno JA, Casari A. Transient left posterior hemiblock. Report of four cases induced by exercise test. Circulation. 1972;46:931–8. S7.4-25.	 Boran KJ, Oliveros RA, Boucher CA, et al. Ischemia-associated intraventricular conduction disturbances during exercise testing as a predictor of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1983;51:1098–102. S7.4-26.	 Coplan NL, Morales MC, Romanello P, et al. Exercise-related atrioventricular block. Influence of myocardial ischemia. Chest. 1991;100:1728–30. S7.4-27.	 Oliveros RA, Seaworth J, Weiland FL, et al. Intermittent left anterior hemiblock during treadmill exercise test. Correlation with coronary arteriogram. Chest. 1977;72:492–4. S7.4-28.	 Virtanen KS, Heikkila J, Kala R, et al. Chest pain and rate-dependent left bundle branch block in patients with normal coronary arteriograms. Chest. 1982;81:326–31. S7.4-29.	 Grady TA, Chiu AC, Snader CE, et al. Prognostic significance of exercise-induced left bundle-branch block. JAMA. 1998;279:153–6. S7.4-30.	 Stein R, Nguyen P, Abella J, et al. Prevalence and prognostic sig-

nificance of exercise-induced right bundle branch block. Am J Cardiol. 2010;105:677–80.

7.5 Management of Conduction

Disorders (With 1:1 Atrioventricular Conduction)

S7.5-1. Scheinman MM, Peters RW, Suave MJ, et al. Value of the H-Q interval in patients with bundle branch block and the role of prophylactic permanent pacing. Am J Cardiol. 1982;50:1316–22.

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