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September 25, 2018 Circulation. 2018;138:e272–e391. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000549 e360

CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES infant death syndrome (SIDS) are present with high frequency in new exome data. Can J Cardiol. 2013;29:1104–9. S4.2.6-2.	 Jabbari J, Jabbari R, Nielsen MW, et al. New exome data question

the pathogenicity of genetic variants previously associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circ Cardiovas Genetics. 2013 481–9. S4.2.6-3.	 Paludan-Muller C, Ahlberg G, Ghouse J, et al. Integration of 60 000 exomes and ACMG guidelines question the role of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia-associated variants. Clin Genet. 2017;91:63–72. S4.2.6-4.	 Refsgaard L, Holst AG, Sadjadieh G, et al. High prevalence of genetic variants previously associated with LQT syndrome in new exome data. Eur J Hum Genet. 2012;20:905–8. S4.2.6-5.	 Risgaard B, Jabbari R, Refsgaard L, et al. High prevalence of genetic variants previously associated with Brugada syndrome in new exome data. Clin Genet. 2013;84:489–95. S4.2.6-6.	 Costa J, Lopes CM. Barsheshet A, et al. Combined assessment of sex- and mutation-specific information for risk stratification in type 1 long QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2012;9:892–8. S4.2.6-7.	 Hershberger RE, Lindenfeld J, Mestroni L, et al. Genetic evaluation of cardiomyopathy–a Heart Failure Society of America practice guideline. J Cardiac Fail. 2009;15:83–97. S4.2.6-8.	 Kim JA, Lopes CM, Moss AJ, et al. Trigger-specific risk factors and response to therapy in long QT syndrome type 2. Heart Rhythm. 2010;7:1797–805. S4.2.6-9.	 Migdalovich D, Moss AJ, Lopes CM, et al. Mutation and genderspecific risk in type 2 long QT syndrome: implications for risk stratification for life-threatening cardiac events in patients with long QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:1537–43. S4.2.6-10.	Crotti L, Marcou CA, Tester DJ, et al. Spectrum and prevalence of mutations involving BrS1- through BrS12-susceptibility genes in a cohort of unrelated patients referred for Brugada syndrome genetic testing: implications for genetic testing. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:1410–8. S4.2.6-11.	Probst V, Wilde AA, Barc J, et al. SCN5A mutations and the role of genetic background in the pathophysiology of Brugada syndrome. Circ Cardiovas Genetics. 2009;2:552–7. S4.2.6-12.	Dintzis RZ. Genetic variation and the meiotic process. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis. 1991;69:39–46. S4.2.6-13.	Groeneweg JA, Bhonsale A, James CA, et al. Clinical presentation, long-term follow-up, and outcomes of 1001 arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy patients and family members. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2015;8:437–46. S4.2.6-14.	Marcus FI, Edson S, Towbin JA. Genetics of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a practical guide for physicians. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61:1945–8. S4.2.6-15.	Quarta G, Muir A, Pantazis A, et al. Familial evaluation in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: impact of genetics and revised task force criteria. Circulation. 2011;123:2701–9. S4.2.6-16.	Rigato I, Bauce B, Rampazzo A, et al. Compound and digenic heterozygosity predicts lifetime arrhythmic outcome and sudden cardiac death in desmosomal gene-related arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2013;6:533–42. S4.2.6-17.	Ackerman MJ, Priori SG, Willems S, et al. HRS/EHRA expert consensus statement on the state of genetic testing for the channelopathies and cardiomyopathies: this document was developed as a partnership between the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Europace. 2011;13:1077–109. S4.2.6-18.	Gollob MH, Blier L, Brugada R, et al. Recommendations for the use of genetic testing in the clinical evaluation of inherited cardiac arrhythmias associated with sudden cardiac death: Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian Heart Rhythm Society joint position paper. Can J Cardiol. 2011;27:232–45. S4.2.6-19.	Kumar S, Peters S, Thompson T, et al. Familial cardiological and targeted genetic evaluation: low yield in sudden unexplained death and high yield in unexplained cardiac arrest syndromes. Heart Rhythm. 2013;10:1653–60. S4.2.6-20.	Priori SG, Wilde AA, Horie M, et al. HRS/EHRA/APHRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of patients with inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes. Heart Rhythm. 2013;10:1932–63. S4.2.6-21.	Tester DJ, Medeiros-Domingo A, Will ML, et al. Unexplained drownings and the cardiac channelopathies: a molecular autopsy series. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011;86:941–7. S4.2.6-22.	Tzimas I, Zingraf JC, Bajanowski T, et al. The role of known variants

of KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1, SCN5A, and NOS1AP in water-related deaths. Int J Legal Med. 2016;130:1575–9. S4.2.6-23.	Wang D, Shah KR, Um SY, et al. Cardiac channelopathy testing in

274 ethnically diverse sudden unexplained deaths. Forensic Sci Int. 2014;237:90–9. S4.2.6-24.	Laedtke AL, O’Neill SM, Rubinstein WS, et al. Family physicians’ awareness and knowledge of the Genetic Information Non- Discrimination Act (GINA). J Genet Couns. 2012;21:345–52. S4.2.6-25.	Vavolizza RD, Kalia I, Erskine AK, et al. Disclosing genetic information to family members about inherited cardiac arrhythmias: an obligation or a choice? J Genet Couns. 2015;24:608–15. S4.2.6-26.	Christiaans I, van Langen IM, Birnie E, et al. Genetic counseling and cardiac care in predictively tested hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutation carriers: the patients’ perspective. Am J Med Genet. Part A. 2009;149a: 1444 –51. S4.2.6-27.	Hamang A, Eide GE, Rokne B, et al. Predictors of heart-focused

anxiety in patients undergoing genetic investigation and counseling of long QT syndrome or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a one year follow-up. J Genet Counsel. 2012;21:72–84.

4.3 Invasive Testing

4.3.1 Invasive Cardiac Imaging: Cardiac Catheterization or CT Angiography

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line for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;127:e362–425.

4.3.2 Electrophysiological Study for VA

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vention of sudden death in patients with coronary artery disease.

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