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September 25, 2018 Circulation. 2018;138:e272–e391. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000549 e376

CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES S7.9.1.1-58.	 Spazzolini C, Mullally J, Moss AJ, et al. Clinical implications for

patients with long QT syndrome who experience a cardiac event during infancy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:832–7. S7.9.1.1-59.	 Credible meds. Available at: http://www.crediblemeds.org. Accessed December 26, 2016. S7.9.1.1-60.	 Rohatgi RK, Bos JM, Ackerman MJ. Stimulant therapy in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and concomitant long QT syndrome: a safe combination? Heart Rhythm. 2015;12:1807–12. S7.9.1.1-61.	 Amin AS, Klemens CA, Verkerk AO, et al. Fever-triggered ventricular arrhythmias in Brugada syndrome and type 2 long-QT syndrome. Neth Heart J. 2010;18:165–9. S7.9.1.1-62.	 Roden DM. Drug-induced prolongation of the QT interval. N Engl

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7.9.1.2 Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

S7.9.1.2-1.	 Hayashi M, Denjoy I, Extramiana F, et al. Incidence and risk factors of arrhythmic events in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circulation. 2009;119:2426–34. S7.9.1.2-2.	 Roston TM, Vinocur JM, Maginot KR, et al. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in children: analysis of therapeutic strategies and outcomes from an international multicenter registry. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2015;8:633–42. S7.9.1.2-3.	 Collura CA, Johnson JN, Moir C, et al. Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for the treatment of long QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia using videoassisted thoracic surgery. Heart Rhythm. 2009;6:752–9. S7.9.1.2-4.	 Hofferberth SC, Cecchin F, Loberman D, et al. Left thoracoscopic sympathectomy for cardiac denervation in patients with lifethreatening ventricular arrhythmias. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014;147:404–9. S7.9.1.2-5.	 Schneider HE, Steinmetz M, Krause U, et al. Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for the management of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias in young patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and long QT syndrome. Clin Res Cardiol. 2013;102:33–42. S7.9.1.2-6.	 van der Werf C, Kannankeril PJ, Sacher F, et al. Flecainide therapy reduces exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:2244–5. S7.9.1.2-7.	 Priori SG, Napolitano C, Memmi M, et al. Clinical and molecular characterization of patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circulation. 2002;106:69–74. S7.9.1.2-8.	 Leenhardt A, Lucet V, Denjoy I, et al. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in children. A 7-year follow-up of 21 patients. Circulation. 1995;91:1512–9. S7.9.1.2-9.	 Rosso R, Kalman JM, Rogowski O, et al. Calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers versus beta-blockers alone for preventing exercise-induced arrhythmias in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm. 2007;4:1149–54. S7.9.1.2-10.	 Swan H, Laitinen P, Kontula K, et al. Calcium channel antagonism reduces exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia patients with RyR2 mutations. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005;16:162–6. S7.9.1.2-11.	 Watanabe H, van der Werf C, Roses-Noguer F, et al. Effects of flecainide on exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias and recurrences in genotype-negative patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm. 2013;10:542–7. S7.9.1.2-12.	 Hwang HS, Hasdemir C, Laver D, et al. Inhibition of cardiac Ca2+ release channels (RyR2) determines efficacy of class I antiarrhythmic drugs in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011;4:128–35. S7.9.1.2-13.	 Adler A, Sadek MM, Chan AY, et al. Patient outcomes from a specialized inherited arrhythmia clinic. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e003440. S7.9.1.2-14.	 Olde Nordkamp LR, Postema PG, Knops RE, et al. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator harm in young patients with inherited arrhythmia syndromes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of inappropriate shocks and complications. Heart Rhythm. 2016;13:443–54. S7.9.1.2-15.	 Roses-Noguer F, Jarman JW, Clague JR, et al. Outcomes of defi-

brillator therapy in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:58–66. S7.9.1.2-16.	 Sy RW, Gollob MH, Klein GJ, et al. Arrhythmia characterization

and long-term outcomes in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:864–71. S7.9.1.2-17.	 De Ferrari GM, Dusi V, Spazzolini C, et al. Clinical management of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: the role of left cardiac sympathetic denervation. Circulation. 2015;131:2185–93. S7.9.1.2-18.	 Wilde AA, Bhuiyan ZA, Crotti L, et al. Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2024–9. S7.9.1.2-19.	 Zhang C, Kutyifa V, Moss AJ, et al. Long-QT syndrome and therapy for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:1039–44. S7.9.1.2-20.	 Jabbari J, Jabbari R, Nielsen MW, et al. New exome data question the pathogenicity of genetic variants previously associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circ Cardiovasc Genetics. 2013;6:481–9. S7.9.1.2-21.	 Crotti L, Johnson CN, Graf E, et al. Calmodulin mutations associated with recurrent cardiac arrest in infants. Circulation. 2013;127:1009–17. S7.9.1.2-22.	 Makita N, Yagihara N, Crotti L, et al. Novel calmodulin mutations associated with congenital arrhythmia susceptibility. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2014;7:466–74. S7.9.1.2-23.	Marsman RF, Barc J, Beekman L, et al. A mutation in CALM1 encoding calmodulin in familial idiopathic ventricular fibrillation in childhood and adolescence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63: 259–66. S7.9.1.2-24.	 Nyegaard M, Overgaard MT, Sondergaard MT, et al. Mutations in calmodulin cause ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death. Am J Hum Genet. 2012;91:703–12. S7.9.1.2-25.	 Paludan-Muller C, Ahlberg G, Ghouse J, et al. Integration of

60 000 exomes and acmg guidelines question the role of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia-associated variants. Clin Genet. 2017;91:63–72.

7.9.1.3 Brugada Syndrome

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dial substrate for catheter ablation of Brugada syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2016;13:2151–8.

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