p.52 抽出テキスト
Circulation. 2017;136:e60–e122. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000499 August 1, 2017 e111 CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES 574. Garg NK, Kapoor A, Sinha N. Intermittent electromechanical dissociation due to mechanical prosthetic valve dysfunction. J Heart Valve Dis. 2000;9:466–8. 575. Silber H, Khan SS, Matloff JM, et al. The St. Jude valve. Thrombolysis as the first line of therapy for cardiac valve thrombosis. Circulation. 1993;87:30–7. 576. Isner JM, Hawley RJ, Weintraub AM, et al. Cardiac findings in Charcot- Marie-Tooth disease. A prospective study of 68 patients. Arch Intern Med. 1979;139:1161–5. 577. Santos I, Martín de Dios R, Barrios V, et al. [Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva. Apropos of 2 cases]. Rev Esp Cardiol. 1991;44:618–21. 578. Hassan WS, Al-Habeeb WA, El-Shaer FE, et al. Exertional dizziness and syncope caused by anomalous left coronary artery origin from the right sinus of Valsalva. Saudi Med J. 2004;25:1720–2. 579. Lilly SM, Schussler JM, Stoler RC. Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva associated with syncope in a young athlete. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2011;24:13–4. 580. Groh WJ, Bhakta D. Arrhythmia management in myotonic dystrophy type 1. JAMA. 2012;308:337–8; author reply 8. 581. Kuhlmann TP, Powers RD. Painless aortic dissection: an unusual cause of syncope. Ann Emerg Med. 1984;13:549–51. 582. Gilon D, Mehta RH, Oh JK, et al. Characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of patients with cardiac tamponade complicating type A acute aortic dissection. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103:1029–31. 583. Hashim PW, Assi R, Grecu L, et al. Symptomatic obstruction of the brachiocephalic and left subclavian arteries obscured by aortic stenosis. Ann Vasc Surg. 2014;28:737.e1–5. 584. Peera MA, LoCurto M, Elfond M. A case of Takayasu arteritis causing subclavian steal and presenting as syncope. J Emerg Med. 2011;40: 158–61. 585. Akdemir R, Ozhan H, Tataroglu C. Coronary-subclavian steal syndrome presenting with chest pain and syncope. Acta Cardiol. 2004;59: 665–7. 586. Chan-Tack KM. Subclavian steal syndrome: a rare but important cause of syncope. South Med J. 2001;94:445–7. 587. Perryman RA, Bayne E, Miller RH. Bull-worker syncope: congenital subclavian steal syndrome following isometric exercise. Pediatr Cardiol. 1991;12:105–6. 588. Squarzoni G, Bariani L, Fogli B, et al. [Arterial hypertension and syncope in an adult patient with coarctation of the aorta]. Riv Eur Sci Med Farmacol. 1991;13:33–5. 589. Ahern M, Lever JV, Cosh J. Complete heart block in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1983;42:389–97. 590. Villamayor-Blanco B, Arias M, Sesar-Ignacio A, et al. [Headache and fainting as initial symptoms of syringomyelia associated to Arnold-Chiari and facial angiomatous nevus]. Rev Neurol. 2004;38:1035–7. 591. Massimi L, Della Pepa GM, Caldarelli M, et al. Abrupt clinical onset of Chiari type I/syringomyelia complex: clinical and physiopathological implications. Neurosurg Rev. 2012;35:321–9; discussion 9. 592. Montfort J, Maher R, Grieve SM, et al. Syringomyelia: a rare extracardiac contributor to syncope detected incidentally by CMR. Int J Cardiol. 2011;150:e62–e64. 593. Masson C, Colombani JM. [Chiari type 1 malformation and magnetic resonance imaging]. Presse Med. 2005;34:1662–7. 594. Ziegler DK, Mallonee W. Chiari-1 malformation, migraine, and sudden death. Headache. 1999;39:38–41. 595. Arias M, Castillo J, Castro A, et al. [Syncope as the initial manifestation of syringomyelia associated with an Arnold-Chiari abnormality: diagnostic value of computerized tomography]. Med Clin (Barc). 1986;86:550–1. 596. Hampton F, Williams B, Loizou LA. Syncope as a presenting feature of hindbrain herniation with syringomyelia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr. 1982;45:919–22. 597. Williams B. Simultaneous cerebral and spinal fluid pressure recordings. 2. Cerebrospinal dissociation with lesions at the foramen magnum. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1981;59:123–42. 598. Mangubat EZ, Wilson T, Mitchell BA, et al. Chiari I malformation associated with atlanto-occipital assimilation presenting as orthopnea and cough syncope. J Clin Neurosci. 2014;21:320–3. 599. Child JS, Perloff JK, Bach PM, et al. Cardiac involvement in Friedreich’s ataxia: a clinical study of 75 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986;7: 1370–8. 600. Ju JH, Kang MH, Kim HG, et al. Successful treatment of syncope with chemotherapy irresponsive to cardiac pacemaker in head and neck cancer. Yonsei Med J. 2009;50:725–8. 601. Okmen E, Erdinler I, Oguz E, et al. An unusual cause of reflex cardio- vascular syncope: vagal paraganglioma. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2003;8:173–6. 602. Suchard JR. Recurrent near-syncope with flushing. Acad Emerg Med. 1997;4:718–24. 603. Roshan J, George OK, Vineet S, et al. Torsade de pointes in a case of pheochromocytoma–an unusual presentation of an uncommon disease. Indian Heart J. 2004;56:248–9. 604. Castells M, Austen KF. Mastocytosis: mediator-related signs and symptoms. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2002;127:147–52. 605. Akin C. Anaphylaxis and mast cell disease: what is the risk? Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2010;10:34–8. 606. Bains SN, Hsieh FH. Current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of systemic mastocytosis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010;104:1–10. 607. Shaffer HC, Parsons DJ, Peden DB, et al. Recurrent syncope and anaphylaxis as presentation of systemic mastocytosis in a pediatric patient: case report and literature review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54: S210–3. 608. Escribano L, Akin C, Castells M, et al. Current options in the treatment of mast cell mediator-related symptoms in mastocytosis. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2006;5:61–77. 609. Koide T, Nakajima T, Makifuchi T, et al. Systemic mastocytosis and recurrent anaphylactic shock. Lancet. 2002;359:2084 610. Kremastinos DT, Farmakis D, Aessopos A, et al. Beta-thalassemia cardiomyopathy: history, present considerations, and future perspectives. Circ Heart Fail. 2010;3:451–8. 611. Surges R, Scott CA, Walker MC. Peri-ictal atrioventricular conduction block in a patient with a lesion in the left insula: case report and review of the literature. Epilepsy Behav. 2009;16:347–9. 612. Schuele SU, Bermeo AC, Alexopoulos AV, et al. Video-electrographic and clinical features in patients with ictal asystole. Neurology. 2007;69:434–41. 613. Novy J, Carruzzo A, Pascale P, et al. Ictal bradycardia and asystole: an uncommon cause of syncope. Int J Cardiol. 2009;133:e90–3. 614. Monté CP.J.A, de Krom MCTFM, Weber WEJ, et al. The ictal bradycardia syndrome. Acta Neurol Belg. 2007;107:22–5. 615. Bruce CJ. Cardiac tumours: diagnosis and management. Heart. 2011;97:151–60. 616. Reynen K. Cardiac myxomas. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1610–7. 617. Driscoll DJ, Jacobsen SJ, Porter CJ, et al. Syncope in children and adolescents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29:1039–45. 618. Massin MM, Bourguignont A, Coremans C, et al. Syncope in pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department. J Pediatr. 2004;145:223–8. 619. McLeod KA. Syncope in childhood. Arch Dis Child. 2003;88: 350–3. 620. Chen L, Wang C, Wang H, et al. Underlying diseases in syncope of children in China. Med Sci Monit. 2011;17:PH49–PH53. 621. Brignole M, Alboni P, Benditt D, et al. Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:1256–306. 622. Lewis DA, Dhala A. Syncope in the pediatric patient. The cardiologist’s perspective. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1999;46:205–19. 623. Kanjwal K, Calkins H. Syncope in children and adolescents. Cardiol Clin. 2015;33:397–409. 624. Lerman-Sagie T, Rechavia E, Strasberg B, et al. Head-up tilt for the evaluation of syncope of unknown origin in children. J Pediatr. 1991;118:676–9. 625. MacCormick JM, Crawford JR, Chung SK, et al. Symptoms and signs associated with syncope in young people with primary cardiac arrhythmias. Heart Lung Circ. 2011;20:593–8. 626. Ritter S, Tani LY, Etheridge SP, et al. What is the yield of screening echocardiography in pediatric syncope? Pediatrics. 2000;105:E58. 627. Tretter JT, Kavey RE.W. Distinguishing cardiac syncope from vasovagal syncope in a referral population. J Pediatr. 2013;163:1618–23.e1. 628. Vlahos AP, Kolettis TM. Family history of children and adolescents with neurocardiogenic syncope. Pediatr Cardiol. 2008;29:227. 629. Zhang Q, Du J, Wang C, et al. The diagnostic protocol in children and adolescents with syncope: a multi-centre prospective study. Acta Paediatr. 2009;98:879–84. 630. Zhang Q, Zhu L, Wang C, et al. Value of history taking in children and adolescents with cardiac syncope. Cardiol Young. 2013;23:54–60. 631. Lerman-Sagie T, Lerman P, Mukamel M, et al. A prospective evaluation of pediatric patients with syncope. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1994;33:67–70. 632. Wren C. Cardiac causes for syncope or sudden death in childhood. Arch Dis Child. 1999;81:289–91. Downloaded from http://ahajournals.org by on October 7, 2026