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CLINICAL STATEMENTS AND GUIDELINES

April 1, 2025 Circulation. 2025;151:e771–e862. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001309 e834

PRESIDENTS AND STAFF

American College of Cardiology Cathleen Biga, MSN, FACC, President Cathleen C. Gates, Chief Executive Officer Richard J. Kovacs, MD, MACC, Chief Medical Officer Justine Varieur Turco, Divisional Vice President, Scientific Publications and Guidelines Mindy J. Saraco, MHA, Director, Clinical Policy and Guidelines Grace D. Ronan, Senior Production and Operations Manager, Clinical Policy Publications Leah Patterson, Project Manager, Clinical Content Devel-

opment American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Thomas S.D. Getchius, National Senior Director, Guidelines Abdul R. Abdullah, MD, Director, Guideline Science and

Methodology American Heart Association Keith Churchwell, MD, FAHA, President Nancy Brown, Chief Executive Officer Mariell Jessup, MD, FAHA, Chief Science and Medical Officer Nicole Aiello Sapio, EdD, Executive Vice President, Office of Science Strategies and Operations Radhika Rajgopal Singh, PhD, Senior Vice President, Office of Science and Medicine Prashant Nedungadi, BPharm, PhD, National Vice President, Science and Medicine, Clinical Guidelines Paul St. Laurent, DNP, RN, National Vice President, Office of Science and Medicine Jody Hundley, Senior Production and Operations

Manager, Scientific Publications, Office of Science Operations

ARTICLE INFORMATION This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Clinical Policy Approval Committee and the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee in October 2024, the American College of Cardiology Science and Quality Committee in October 2024, and the American Heart Association Executive Committee in November 2024. Supplemental materials are available with this article at https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/suppl/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001309 This article has been copublished in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Copies: This document is available on the websites of the American Heart Association (professional.heart.org) and the American College of Cardiology (www.acc.org). A copy of the document is also available at https:// professional.heart.org/statements by selecting the “Guidelines & Statements” button. To purchase additional reprints, call 215-356-2721 or email Meredith.Edelman@wolterskluwer.com. The expert peer review of AHA-commissioned documents (eg, scientific statements, clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews) is conducted by the AHA Office of Science Operations. For more on AHA statements and guidelines development, visit https://professional.heart.org/statements. Select the “Guidelines & Statements” drop-down menu near the top of the webpage, then click “Publication Development.”

Permissions: Multiple copies, modification, alteration, enhancement, and distribution of this document are not permitted without the express permission of the American Heart Association. Instructions for obtaining permission are located at https://www.heart.org/permissions. A link to the “Copyright Permissions Request Form” appears in the second paragraph (https://www.heart.org/en/about-us/ statements-and-policies/copyright-request-form).

REFERENCES PREAMBLE

1 Committee on Standards for Systematic Reviews of Comparitive Effective-

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and evolution of ACC/AHA clinical practice guidelines: an update for our constituencies: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019;139:e879–e886. 1.4. Scope of the Guideline 1.	 O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;127:e362–e425. 2.	 Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014;130:e344–e426. 3.	 Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, et al. 2015 ACC/AHA/SCAI Focused update on primary percutaneous coronary intervention for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: an update of the 2011 ACCF/ AHA/SCAI guideline for percutaneous coronary intervention and the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2016;133:1135–1147. 4.	 Lawton JS, Tamis-Holland JE, Bangalor S, et al. 2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI guideline for coronary artery revascularization: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022;145:e18–e114. 5.	 Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, et al. 2016 ACC/AHA guideline focused update on duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2016;134:e123–e155. 6.	 Martin SS, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, et al. 2024 Heart disease and stroke statistics: a report of US and global data from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2024;149:e347–e913. 7.	 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Center for Health

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